As Candela takes a big leap forward with an injection of US$20M, the company tells Passenger Ship Technology how its P-12 Shuttle will revolutionise fast ferry travel
Candela has raised US$20M for its innovative hydrofoil system for light boats.
The funding was led by EQT Ventures and investor duo Joel Eklund, Fosielund Holding AB and Svante Nilo Bengtsson, Marknadspotential AB, with participation from Ocean Zero and others.
The funds will be used to bring Candela’s 30-passenger ferry P-12 Shuttle to mass production at the company’s new Stockholm factory.
The P-12 uses computer-guided hydrofoils to glide the surface of water at a service speed of about 30 km per hour, which allows urban commuters rapid commute times compared with the diesel vessels it will replace.
The hydrofoils are at the heart of the vessel’s technology. Candela head of commercial vessels Erik Eklund tells PST: “Conventional vessels use huge amounts of energy travelling at high speeds due to water friction and the energy used displacing water. Using computer-guided hydrofoils, our P-12 vessel and leisure boats fly above the friction water, using 80% less energy than conventional ships and boats. This in turn unlocks long range at high speed, a first for electric vessels.”
He says once flying, the boat is stabilised by computers – the lifting point (hydrofoil) is below the centre of gravity, which requires a stabilising system to keep it flying.
Mr Eklund says, “That’s the same principle as other inherently unstable craft, like drones or jet fighters. We achieve stability by fitting numerous sensors around the hull that measure the ’terrain’ in front of the boat (the wave height) and other sensors like a gyro, accelerometers and GPS. All this data is fed into the Flight Controller – the boat’s computer – which automatically computes the correct angle of attack of the foil to stabilise the boat. The adjustments to the hydrofoil are made 100 times per second, and result in an artificially stable ride in waves and wind. Once you have this system, the boat won’t rock or slam – eliminating seasickness-inducing movement. You can’t throw up on a Candela, it’s a guarantee.”
P-12 has a record range of 60 nautical miles on one charge, which will allow operators to cut operational costs by an estimated 50% due to lower energy use and upkeep costs.
Candela plans to launch P-12, which is being built in Stockholm, mid-year and announced it is in sales discussions with more than 180 interested parties about the P-12 Shuttle systems.
The first operator will be the Region of Stockholm, moving commuters between the suburb of Ekerö and central Stockholm.
Explaining its suitability to Stockholm, Mr Eklund says, “Stockholm is centred around the waterways, meaning the fastest commute is often over water – if you can go fast. Our P-12 Shuttle vessel doesn’t create wake as it doesn’t displace water, and so has an exemption from the urban speed limit of 12 knots. That means we can fly dock to dock from the suburb of Ekerö to central Stockholm in 25 minutes versus 55 minutes with car, bus or the current diesel ferry that also runs this line.”
This is something P-12 shuttles could do in most cities, he comments, as speed limits are enforced mostly because of wakes and the damage they cause to moored boats, riverbanks and docks, and not because of safety challenges with the speed itself.
“Most urban waterways are a couple of hundred meters wide and there’s little traffic, especially off summer season. This could be implemented if speed limits are reconsidered, safely and effectively, from the canals of the Netherlands to bigger waters,” Mr Eklund points out.
“Using very little energy, our vessels will be more than 50% cheaper to operate than current ferries, which opens up new routes which can be economically viable. Neighbourhoods that have water access and are close to each other, but lack good land transport, can be connected. Denmark-Sweden is one example, New York, San Francisco are others.”
Lithium-ion batteries of slightly more than 230 kWh will be deployed in the shuttle. P-12 is built from carbon fibre to be as light as possible. Candela can also schedule maintenance and check the status of the vessel before something needs to be replaced, as it will log wear and tear on parts.
Mr Eklund singled out another innovative feature: the C-POD drive train is the first direct-drive electric marine motor, with only two moving internal parts. “This makes it virtually maintenance-free – a big step up from diesel engines that require overhauls after a few hundred hours,” he says.
He lists other advantages the P12 has: “No seasickness, no wake damage, operational costs in parity with a bus line, more frequent departures thanks to using fairly small vessels (P-12 is a 30-passenger boat and several of this smaller unit can replace one big ship, which often is underutilised in terms of its passenger capacity), extremely quiet. And very sustainable: a recent lifecycle analysis by Stockholm’s Royal Institute of Technology concluded a P-12 ferry will emit 97.5% less carbon dioxide over its lifetime compared with a diesel vessel of the same size – a stunning figure that includes emissions from production, operations over 30 years and recycling.”
Candela will start serial production this year, for which it raised the US$20M. The first unit will run in public transport in Stockholm in April 2024.
Mr Eklund adds, “We also have more deals signed which we can’t disclose yet. We have plans for making hundreds of these vessels per year.”
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